Why does my dog have thickened, crusty skin on the elbows? | arlo.® Atlas

Read time: 3 minutes

Overview

Thickened, crusty skin on a dog’s elbows is often caused by repeated pressure, dryness or rubbing, but there are several possible reasons. In many dogs it starts as a callus, which is the skin’s way of coping with pressure on hard surfaces, although irritation, infection, parasites or other skin problems can sometimes look similar.

If the area is only dry and firm, it may be a simple pressure point issue. If it’s red, sore, smelly, wet, very itchy or spreading, that points more towards an active skin problem that may need a vet check.

Things To Check

1. Check whether both elbows are affected or just one, as that can help show whether it’s a pressure-related change or something more localised.

2. Look closely for redness, heat, swelling, broken skin, discharge, scabs or any bad smell.

3. Feel whether the area is hard and dry, or soft, puffy and fluid-filled, which can suggest a different type of lump.

4. Notice whether your dog is licking, chewing, scooting, rubbing or seeming uncomfortable when lying down.

5. Think about what your dog sleeps on and whether they spend a lot of time on hard floors, concrete or thin bedding.

6. Check for similar skin changes on other pressure points such as the hocks, hips or chest.

7. Note whether the skin issue has changed quickly or has been slowly developing over weeks or months.

Common Causes

Pressure calluses are one of the most common causes, especially in larger dogs or dogs that rest on hard surfaces. These often feel thick, dry and a bit crusty, and they may be more noticeable on the elbow tips.

Dry skin and friction can also cause rough, flaky patches, particularly if the dog’s bedding is rough or they’re lying in the same position for long periods.

Skin irritation or a secondary infection can develop if the skin becomes cracked or damp. In those cases the area may look red, sore or flaky, and your dog might lick at it more.

Parasites or mange are less likely to cause a single crusty elbow on their own, but they can sometimes contribute to more widespread skin irritation, itching or hair loss elsewhere on the body.

Less commonly, other skin conditions or lumps can affect the elbows, especially if the area is growing, painful or changing shape.

What To Do

Start by keeping the area clean and dry, and avoid picking at any crusts or thick skin. If your dog is comfortable, check the skin regularly so you can spot changes early.

Make resting areas softer with thicker bedding or a cushioned mat, especially if your dog likes hard floors. Reducing repeated pressure can make a real difference over time.

If the skin looks dry but not sore, routine grooming and gentle washing may help keep the coat and skin in better condition. If your dog is licking or rubbing the area, try to reduce irritation and keep an eye on whether it is becoming more inflamed.

If the problem is spreading, becoming sore, or your dog seems uncomfortable, it’s sensible to speak to your vet rather than trying to manage it as a simple pressure mark.

Products That May Help

For dogs with dry, dirty or sensitive skin around pressure areas like the elbows, routine grooming and gentle washing can be useful as part of good skin care.

Pet Care

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