Why are my horse's hind legs swollen but not the fronts?
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Overview
If only the hind legs are swollen and the front legs look normal, it’s often due to stocking up, which means fluid has built up in the lower legs. It commonly happens after standing still for a while, especially overnight, after box rest, or with limited movement. There are a few possible causes, so it’s worth checking the legs carefully rather than assuming it’s harmless.
Things To Check
1. Check whether the swelling is in both hind legs or just one, and whether it is even or patchy.
2. Feel both hind legs for heat, soreness or any obvious change compared with the fronts.
3. Look for cuts, scabs, mud fever, insects bites or any broken skin around the pasterns and lower limbs.
4. Watch how your horse moves when first brought out of the stable and after walking for a few minutes.
5. Think about recent turnout, time spent in the stable, box rest, travel or reduced exercise.
6. Check whether the swelling improves after gentle movement or seems to stay the same.
7. Note whether your horse seems uncomfortable, dull, stiff or reluctant to bear weight normally.
Common Causes
The most common reason is stocking up, which is a soft fluid swelling linked to reduced movement and poorer circulation in the lower legs. It often affects the hind legs first because they can fill more noticeably when a horse has been standing still.
Mud, wet bedding, minor skin irritation or a small knock can also lead to swelling, especially if both hind legs have been exposed to the same conditions.
Less commonly, swelling can be related to a strain, infection or another problem that needs veterinary attention, particularly if it’s one-sided, hot, painful or getting worse.
What To Do
Start by giving your horse a careful look and a calm walk in hand if they're otherwise bright and comfortable. Mild stocking up often improves with movement, turnout and a return to normal exercise where appropriate.
Keep the legs clean and dry, check the stable and turnout conditions, and make a note of any patterns such as swelling after box rest, wet weather or travel. If the swelling keeps returning, this can help you spot triggers.
Avoid assuming all swelling is simple stocking up if the legs are hot, painful, very uneven, or your horse is not moving freely. In those cases, it’s sensible to get advice.
When To Contact A Vet
Contact your vet if the swelling is sudden, severe, one-sided, hot, painful, or linked with lameness, fever, or obvious discomfort. You should also get advice if the swelling doesn't improve with gentle movement, or if you’re unsure whether it’s simple stocking up.
Products That May Help
If your horse is prone to filling in the legs, especially after wet turnout or time in the stable, this collection may be useful as part of your daily care routine.
Related Questions
Why do horses get stocked up overnight?
How can I tell stocking up from injury?
Does exercise help reduce filled legs?
Atlas is here to support owners with practical, easy-to-understand guidance. It is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you're concerned about your animal's health, symptoms worsen, or something doesn't feel right, contact your vet.