When is a dog's swollen ear an emergency? | arlo.® Atlas
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Overview
A swollen ear can be an emergency if it comes on suddenly, looks very painful, is getting worse quickly, or your dog seems unwell. It can also be caused by something more routine, such as an ear infection, scratching, insect bites, a lump, or an aural haematoma, which is a blood-filled swelling of the ear flap.
Because several things can cause the swelling, the key is to check how fast it appeared and whether your dog is otherwise comfortable and behaving normally.
Things To Check
1. See how quickly the swelling appeared. A sudden change matters more than a long-standing one.
2. Check whether the ear flap feels hot, soft, tense or very painful to touch.
3. Look for head shaking, scratching, rubbing or tilting the head.
4. Look closely for redness, discharge, scabs, broken skin, bites or a visible wound.
5. Compare both ears to see whether the swelling is only on one side or affects both ears.
6. Notice whether your dog seems dull, has a fever, is off food or is less keen to be touched.
7. Check if there is a strong smell, wax build-up or a history of ear problems.
8. Think about recent grooming, swimming, muddy walks or new pollen, dust or food exposures.
Common Causes
The most common cause is an ear infection or irritation inside the ear, which can make dogs scratch and shake their heads until the ear flap swells.
An aural haematoma is also common. This happens when blood collects in the ear flap after repeated shaking or scratching, and it usually needs veterinary assessment.
Other possibilities include insect bites, allergic skin irritation, a small wound, an abscess, a foreign body, or a lump on or around the ear.
Less commonly, swelling may be linked to a more significant skin or ear problem that needs prompt treatment.
What To Do
Keep your dog calm and stop any rough play that could make the ear flap move more.
If your dog is scratching a lot, try to prevent further damage and avoid putting anything into the ear unless a vet has told you to.
You can gently note the size of the swelling and watch for changes over the next few hours, but don't try to burst, drain or squeeze it.
Make a note of any discharge, smell, head shaking, pain or changes in appetite, as this information is helpful if you speak to a vet.
When To Contact A Vet
Contact your vet promptly if the swelling is sudden, painful, getting bigger, or your dog is clearly uncomfortable. You should also get advice if there is discharge, a bad smell, a head tilt, repeated shaking, signs of illness, or if the ear flap looks ballooned or bruised, as this can suggest an aural haematoma or a more serious ear problem.
If your dog seems bright and well but the swelling is still there after a short period of monitoring, it's still sensible to book a check.
Products That May Help
If your dog is prone to dirty ears, regular grooming or gentle ear and coat care can be part of a sensible home routine. arlo.® Pet Care may be useful for owners looking to support everyday hygiene and keep on top of basic care.
Related Questions
Why is my dog shaking its head and scratching one ear?
Can a dog's swollen ear go down on its own?
What does an aural haematoma look like in a dog?
Atlas is here to support owners with practical, easy-to-understand guidance. It is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you're concerned about your animal's health, symptoms worsen, or something doesn't feel right, contact your vet.