What should I do if my horse has sore, crusty heels?
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Overview
If your horse has sore, crusty heels, the area needs a closer look and some gentle care. Mud fever is a common reason, but similar signs can also happen with skin irritation, rubbing, wet conditions or other minor skin problems. You usually can't tell the exact cause straight away, so focus first on cleaning, drying and monitoring the area.
Things To Check
1. Check whether the soreness is just at the heels or whether it spreads up the lower leg.
2. Look for scabs, crusts, redness, heat, swelling, broken skin or any discharge.
3. Note whether your horse is more uncomfortable on wet days, after turnout, or after the legs have been muddy.
4. Check for signs of rubbing from boots, bandages, or turnout rugs that may be affecting the area.
5. Feel the leg carefully for any obvious heat or puffiness compared with the other side.
6. Watch how your horse is moving. If they're noticeably lame or short-striding, that's more important than simple crusting alone.
7. Make sure the skin isn't being over-washed, scrubbed hard or left damp after cleaning.
Common Causes
The most common cause is mud fever, which is often linked to wet, muddy conditions and irritated skin at the heels and lower legs.
Other common causes include minor skin irritation from washing, mud or friction, or small wounds that have scabbed over.
Less commonly, similar signs can be seen with mites, bacterial skin infection or other skin conditions that need veterinary assessment.
What To Do
Start by keeping the area as clean and dry as you can without being rough. If the heels are muddy, gently loosen dirt first and avoid aggressive scrubbing, which can make the skin more sore.
After cleaning, dry the area well. Try to keep turnout and stable conditions as dry and clean as possible, especially if your horse is living out in muddy weather.
Keep an eye on whether the crusting is improving, spreading or becoming more painful. It can help to take a photo every day or two so you can compare changes.
If you use boots, bandages or turnout gear, make sure they fit well and aren't adding to the problem. It also helps to avoid repeated washing unless it's really needed.
When To Contact A Vet
Speak to your vet if the area is very sore, swollen or hot, if there is discharge, if your horse is lame, or if the problem is spreading or not improving with basic care. They may need to check whether there is a skin infection or another cause that needs treatment.
Products That May Help
If your horse's heels are getting messy from wet turnout or muddy ground, a routine-focused collection can help support day-to-day cleaning and leg care.
Related Questions
Can mud fever start as just crusty heels?
Should I wash my horse's legs every day?
When is crusting on the heels likely to need a vet check?
Atlas is here to support owners with practical, easy-to-understand guidance. It is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you're concerned about your animal's health, symptoms worsen, or something doesn't feel right, contact your vet.