What causes repeated scabs on the backs of horses’ hocks and heels?
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Read time: 3 minutes
Overview
Repeated scabs on the backs of a horse’s hocks and heels are often linked to mallenders and sallenders, but there can be several possible reasons. Common triggers include mud, moisture, friction, skin irritation and sometimes underlying skin conditions, so it’s worth checking the area carefully rather than assuming it’s just dirt or weather-related.
Things To Check
1. Check whether the scabs are on the front or back of the hock, and whether the heels are also affected.
2. Look for redness, swelling, heat, broken skin, discharge or tenderness when you touch the area.
3. See if the problem gets worse after muddy turnout, clipping, grooming, clipping blades, bandaging or rugging.
4. Check whether the hair is flaky, greasy, matted or coming away with the scabs.
5. Look at the surroundings for mud, wet bedding, damp stable floors or anything that might be rubbing the skin.
6. Note whether the horse is also itchy, stamping, restless or rubbing the legs.
7. Compare both legs to see if the issue is one-sided or affecting several areas.
Common Causes
Mallenders and sallenders are common causes of repeated scabs in these areas. They’re usually associated with thickened, scurfy or cracked skin on the backs of the hocks or in the heel area, and can flare up again if the skin stays dirty, damp or irritated.
Mud, wet conditions and repeated washing can also dry or inflame the skin, especially if the legs are not dried well afterwards.
Friction from tack, rugs, boots or a rubbing surface may cause repeated scabbing too, particularly if the horse is in regular work.
Less commonly, bacterial or fungal skin problems, mites, or an underlying skin sensitivity may be involved.
What To Do
Keep the area clean and dry, but be gentle. Avoid harsh scrubbing and don’t pick scabs off forcefully, as that can make the skin more sore.
Reduce exposure to mud where you can, and check whether anything in the horse’s routine might be rubbing or irritating the area.
Take a few clear photos and keep a simple note of when the scabs appear, whether they crack or ooze, and what seems to make them better or worse. That can be helpful if you need to show your vet later.
If the area is only mildly affected, sensible hygiene, turnout management and close monitoring may be enough for now. If it keeps returning, a vet can help identify whether there’s an underlying skin issue that needs different care.
When To Contact A Vet
Contact your vet if the skin is painful, swollen, hot, oozing, spreading, or if your horse is lame or clearly uncomfortable. You should also get advice if the scabs keep coming back, don’t improve with basic care, or if you’re not sure whether it’s mallenders, sallenders or something else.
Products That May Help
If your horse is dealing with muddy turnout, wet legs or regular washing, this collection may be useful as part of a sensible daily care routine.
Related Questions
Are mallenders and sallenders the same thing?
Can wet weather make scabs on a horse’s legs worse?
When should I worry about scabs on a horse’s hocks?
Atlas is here to support owners with practical, easy-to-understand guidance. It is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you're concerned about your animal's health, symptoms worsen, or something doesn't feel right, contact your vet.